Tensions in the Middle East continue to rise, shaking regional stability and worsening an already critical humanitarian situation. Many analysts believe that historical, political and economic factors simultaneously played a role in the escalation of this conflict. One of the main causes of the latest tensions is the conflict between Israel and the Hamas group. As rocket fire from Gaza increased, Israel’s military response became increasingly aggressive, targeting infrastructure and strategic locations in the region. On the other hand, Hamas is trying to show its strength, claiming support from Arab countries to strengthen their bargaining position. In addition, tensions between Iran and Sunni Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia also contribute to this situation. Iran, which supports groups such as Hezbollah and Hamas, continues to expand its influence in the region, while Saudi Arabia seeks to increase its alliances with western countries and allies to neutralize the threat. The civil war in Syria and tensions in Lebanon are also influential. The emergence of extremist groups, which receive support from various parties, has worsened the situation. Various international powers, including the US and Russia, have divergent interests, creating complex and difficult to predict dynamics. In recent months, peace talks between Palestine and Israel seem to have stalled. Protests carried out by Palestinians in the West Bank show their dissatisfaction with worsening socio-economic conditions. The international community is increasingly pressing for a two-state solution, but the alignment of certain parties is actually making this process difficult. Tensions have also arisen regarding the exploration of gas resources in the Mediterranean Sea. The discovery of large gas reserves is attracting the attention of many countries, creating competition that risks adding to tensions and potential conflict. Countries such as Türkiye have emerged as major players with controversial territorial claims, fueling tensions with neighboring countries. Humanitarian issues are the main focus amidst this tension. Humanitarian aid is becoming increasingly difficult to access, coupled with ongoing attacks on civilians, creating deep suffering. Reports from various international institutions show that many children in the region are forced to face trauma due to prolonged conflict. As a result of these tensions, the global oil market also responded with significant price fluctuations. Uncertainty in the Middle East often has an impact on world markets, considering that this region is one of the largest oil producers. In a broader context, tensions in the Middle East continue to pose a challenge to the global geopolitical map. Every step taken by big countries will have a big impact on stability and security in this region. Heads of state involved should carefully consider the diplomatic steps taken, considering their impact not only on the region, but also on world security as a whole.