Military coup is the seizure of power by members of a country’s armed forces. The motives for coups vary widely from state to state, but can include a threat to a military leader’s personal interests, or a desire to address an unpopular government or societal problem. The impact of these events can be far-reaching and often has lasting consequences for democracy in the region.

Frequently, coups dismantle democratic institutions and lead to authoritarian regimes. They may restrict political activity, suppress dissent, and limit freedom of speech. These conditions create a cycle of instability that hinders the return to civilian rule, even after coup leaders relinquish power. In addition, coups can dismantle the legacy of past democratic governments and entrench their own rule for years to come.

Coups can be triggered by a number of factors, including discontent with the performance of elected governments, unmet demands for social and economic change, and a sense of insecurity. In some cases, juntas ensure electoral victory through severe administrative rigging, such as changing the formula for the distribution of seats in post-coup elections to favor the junta-backed party. In other cases, juntas violently suppress politicians that oppose them.

Military coups can also be prompted by a perception of foreign interference in the country, or by the threat of popular revolt. In the case of Myanmar, the emergence of a popular civil-led movement led by Aung San Suu Kyi threatened to undermine a system of military-owned business monopolies that had enriched generals for decades.